just throwing my 2 sents into this.... for the simpliest possible Serial Interface to a modern machine, the
UM245R is pretty good.
i used this thing in my very first breadboard computer, with a Z80 running at 10MHz. it can also reliably handle a 65C02 running at 16MHz without wait states.
it's a 5V/3.3V breadboard friendly breakout board for the FT245R, basically a complete UART and UART to USB Adpater in a single chip. (the board also has a USB-B Connector)
it's the most simplistic option available. all the CPU can do is read bytes from the receiving FIFO, or write bytes into the sending FIFO. there are also 2 output signals that can tell the system if there is space in the sending FIFO (TXE = 0) and if the receiving FIFO has data in it (RXF = 0).
but other than that, it has no extra features. no interrupts, timers, etc. it's purely for communication. (hooking it up through a 65C22 would make it more feature rich. allowing for interrupts when data comes in, etc)
and besides the decoding logic to actually access it, there is nothing extra required to get it running, just the 8 bit data bus and the 4 control signals (RD, WR, TXE, and RXF).
the baud rate, start/stop bits, etc can be changed on your PC when you connect it via USB.
sorry i just really love these single chip 8-bit to USB chips from FTDI. they are so damn convenient.