Search found 188 matches

by litwr
Mon Nov 10, 2025 1:31 pm
Forum: General Discussions
Topic: Rockwell instruction extension
Replies: 15
Views: 2830

Re: Rockwell instruction extension

It would be interesting to know if this extension could help existing computers from the '80s. I can think of only one system that could benefit: the Commodore +4. The Commodore +4 uses a port at 1 for communicating with serial devices, such as disk drives, so the extension could provide a faster ...
by litwr
Sun Nov 09, 2025 9:08 pm
Forum: General Discussions
Topic: Rockwell instruction extension
Replies: 15
Views: 2830

Re: Rockwell instruction extension

IMHO all matters relating to this instruction extension remain rather controversial...WDC created the 65C02. What was the reason that some second-source manufacturers got the extension and some didn't?
As is customary in the world of proprietary chip designs, most purchasers of the 65C02, e.g ...
by litwr
Sun Nov 09, 2025 6:31 am
Forum: General Discussions
Topic: Rockwell instruction extension
Replies: 15
Views: 2830

Re: Rockwell instruction extension

IMHO all matters relating to this instruction extension remain rather controversial. It used to be said that all the undocumented instructions of the NMOS 6502 were replaced by new typical/standard instructions or NOPs. However, it seems that all 65C02 chips manufactured by WDC have this extension ...
by litwr
Sat Nov 08, 2025 5:37 am
Forum: General Discussions
Topic: Rockwell instruction extension
Replies: 15
Views: 2830

Re: Rockwell instruction extension

Thank you very much. So it seems that only Rockwell documented the use of these instructions. The WDC documentation doesn't mention them but all (?) the WDC chips support them. There were also Japanese and other companies that were second-source...
by litwr
Fri Nov 07, 2025 1:20 pm
Forum: General Discussions
Topic: Rockwell instruction extension
Replies: 15
Views: 2830

Rockwell instruction extension

I am curious to know which manufacturers have realised Rockwell bit instructions (RMB, etc.). It is definitely WDC. GTE and CSG 65CE02 did not realise them. What about the others, such as Synertek?
Interestingly, it seems that the BBC Model B+ uses the Rockwell 6512, which supports these ...
by litwr
Tue Sep 23, 2025 5:15 pm
Forum: Programming
Topic: Exact cycle counter
Replies: 7
Views: 1209

Re: Exact cycle counter

My gosh! It seems I made a stupid mistake. STA ABS,X ALWAYS takes 5 cycles but I counted it as 4 cycles. Excuse me, I am ashamed much. Sorry.
by litwr
Tue Sep 23, 2025 5:07 pm
Forum: Programming
Topic: Exact cycle counter
Replies: 7
Views: 1209

Re: Exact cycle counter

Thanks but it seems this problem is too hard for us. :( Perhaps those two cycles are part of the universe's infinite, global uncertainty. :)
I think I'd recommend somehow checking with Hoglet's 6502 decoder.
https://github.com/hoglet67/6502Decoder
Could you tell me which part of this large project ...
by litwr
Tue Sep 23, 2025 8:58 am
Forum: Programming
Topic: Exact cycle counter
Replies: 7
Views: 1209

Exact cycle counter

I want to write an exact cycle counter for the 6502, but I think I've missed something. My counter always loses 2 cycles and I can't figure out why. :( I can only hope that a 6502 expert can help me...
In detail, I count all the cycles per screen. I use the raster interrupt on the same line to start ...
by litwr
Wed Sep 13, 2023 8:23 am
Forum: SBC- Series Projects
Topic: SBC6120 and companions
Replies: 1
Views: 4820

SBC6120 and companions

I encounter several interesting boards. It's just to share with fans.
by litwr
Thu Jul 13, 2023 7:28 am
Forum: General Discussions
Topic: A truly self-modifying JSR
Replies: 18
Views: 14232

Re: A truly self-modifying JSR

I have tested this with several Commodore +4 emulators: my old Forever+4 and the best plus4emu. Both have successfully passed the test. Commodore emulators need to be very accurate at each CPU cycle because there are a lot of demos and games that depend on this accuracy.
by litwr
Sat Mar 11, 2023 2:57 pm
Forum: General Discussions
Topic: 6502 in education in the UK (today) - Educraft
Replies: 1
Views: 835

Re: 6502 in education in the UK (today) - Educraft

IMHO ancient computers had more spirit than modern ones. Children can feel this.
by litwr
Sat Feb 04, 2023 8:27 am
Forum: General Discussions
Topic: Simplest subset of 6502
Replies: 41
Views: 13683

Re: Simplest subset of 6502

We may also remove ORA (and use AND and EOR instead), ROL (use ADC), INC (use ADC), BNE (use BEQ and JMP), and BCS.
by litwr
Tue Jan 31, 2023 7:52 am
Forum: General Discussions
Topic: int size for C compilers for the 65816
Replies: 17
Views: 4917

Re: int size for C compilers for the 65816

Thanks for the interesting information. However I can't help but express my sadness that something similar to the ez80 for the 6502 world has not yet been created. :(

Have you done any native-mode 65C816 assembly language programming? Your comment suggests to me you have not. Otherwise, you’d know ...
by litwr
Mon Jan 30, 2023 2:17 pm
Forum: General Discussions
Topic: int size for C compilers for the 65816
Replies: 17
Views: 4917

Re: int size for C compilers for the 65816


Perhaps I am mis-remembering, but I don't think you need to specifically trim the high byte on the 65816. I think you can just transfer A into the Bank register; because the Bank register is only 8-bits the upper half gets chopped off in the process, regardless whether you're in 16-bit or 8-bit ...
by litwr
Mon Jan 30, 2023 10:18 am
Forum: General Discussions
Topic: int size for C compilers for the 65816
Replies: 17
Views: 4917

Re: int size for C compilers for the 65816

Seeing a discussion of near and far pointers in C brought back unhappy memories of MS-DOS and 16 bit Windows programming in the early 90's. Large programs were constructed using overlays, and as your program grew, you would have to rework the overlay arrangement.

The whole thing was brittle house ...