6502.org

The 6502 Microprocessor Resource
http://forum.6502.org/

Breaking 6502 apart

http://forum.6502.org/viewtopic.php?t=2208

Page 3 of 15

Re: Breaking 6502 apart

Posted: Mon Jul 09, 2012 2:21 pm
by org
More progress on crazy logic :
6502.org wrote:
Image no longer available: http://ogamespec.com/imgstore/whc4ffae6ac6ec5a.jpg
I began to understand how it works in general :)

PLA outputs are joined in "groups".
Groups on the left works with X,Y and S registers (resided underneath).
Groups on the middle are ALU related, which feed its inputs.
Groups on the right are branch/flag/compare and (possibly) interrupt/reset logic; instructions related to program counter (PC is resided on the bottom right side of the 6502).

Also there is intense metall layer crosspassing from the left to the right, for addressing calculations purposes.

Hope to crunch it fast, when I get full color schematics (good for LSD trips BTW :mrgreen: )

Re: Breaking 6502 apart

Posted: Mon Jul 09, 2012 5:05 pm
by org
In case someone interested, Visual6502 wiki has hidden section, which I found by poking Random page:

http://visual6502.org/wiki/index.php?ti ... atic_Notes

There is poor photos of 6502 blueprints.

Re: Breaking 6502 apart

Posted: Tue Jul 10, 2012 1:14 pm
by Unseen
org wrote:
There is poor photos of 6502 blueprints.
Actually it's not a photo but a size-reduced version of a scan of the blueprint. A photo would have no or different artifacts at the places where overlapping sections are merged.

Re: Breaking 6502 apart

Posted: Wed Jul 11, 2012 6:04 am
by org
I mean images ) Sorry my language )

Re: Breaking 6502 apart

Posted: Wed Jul 11, 2012 1:02 pm
by org
Todays speccy: Random logic A/B groups.

I separated PLA outputs on groups A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H and K.

Here is preview of below schematics :
6502.org wrote:
Image no longer available: http://ogamespec.com/imgstore/whc4ffd765f41d7c.jpg
Top part:
Image

Bottom part:
Image

Also there is small logic to generate internal 43 and 1247 lines, which are used on bottom part:
Image
(I do not understand wtf is it... some kind of /ะค1 power-up?)

I labeled interconnections between groups by white text.

Re: Breaking 6502 apart

Posted: Wed Jul 11, 2012 7:19 pm
by org
More progress on ALU:
6502.org wrote:
Image no longer available: http://ogamespec.com/imgstore/whc4ffdd1751cca0.jpg

Re: Breaking 6502 apart

Posted: Thu Jul 12, 2012 12:42 pm
by org
I updated my PLA utility :

http://ogamespec.com/6502/decoder.htm

Now you can input raw bits from PLA lines and get IR mask as well as T-cycle on output.
6502.org wrote:
Image no longer available: http://ogamespec.com/imgstore/resized_w ... 9aa4c6.jpg
msb bit in sequence is equal to bottom PLA line (t1).

A
000101100000100100000
000000010110001000100
000000011010001001000
010100011001100100000
010101011010100100000
010110000001100100000

B
000000100010000001000
000001000000100010000
000000010101001001000
010101011001100010000
010110011001100010000
011010000001100100000
000101000000100010000
010101011010100010000
011001000000100010000
000110011001100010000
001010011001100100000
011001011010100010000
000100011001100100000
011001100000100100000
011001000001100100000

C
011001010101010100000
000101010101010100001
010100011001010100000
001010010101010100010
001000011001010100100
000110010101010100001
001010000000010010000
000000000000000001000
010110000000011000000
000010101001010100000
000000101001000001000
010101000000011000000
000000000100000001000
010000000000000000000
000000010001010101000
000000000001010100100

D
000001010101010100010
000110010101010100010
000000010101001000100
000000010110001000010
000000010110001001000
...

K
000000011001010100000 ->
010010011010100100000
000001000000000000000
000000101001000000100
000000100101000001000
000000010100001000001
0000000010100?0000010 ? is actually 0, but strange.. supposed to be vias there
000000000000010000000
001001011010100100000
00000001100000000 <-

Re: Breaking 6502 apart

Posted: Fri Jul 13, 2012 9:29 am
by org
Completed random logic color schematics.

Also I choosed another strategy to reverse this whole crap. I start from T0 only PLA lines, then continue on T1 lines only and so on.

Re: Breaking 6502 apart

Posted: Fri Jul 13, 2012 7:21 pm
by org
Completed ALU color map.

Re: Breaking 6502 apart

Posted: Fri Jul 13, 2012 7:35 pm
by BigEd
quick progress! But you missed a horizontal run of poly - see pic.
Cheers
Ed

Re: Breaking 6502 apart

Posted: Fri Jul 13, 2012 7:52 pm
by org
Ehhehe, damn puzzle :mrgreen:
I'll fix it in transistor level schematics )

EDIT: you don't need this poly line, it somes from from address latch )

EDIT2: ooops, or maybe need )

Re: Breaking 6502 apart

Posted: Sat Jul 14, 2012 11:18 am
by org
Todays speccy: ALU bit0

Pieces from left-to-right: B INPUT (BI), A INPUT (AI), LOGIC, ARITHMETIC, DECIMAL ADDER, ADDER HOLD REG (ADD), DECIMAL ADJUST, ACCUMULATOR (AC).

Re: Breaking 6502 apart

Posted: Sat Jul 14, 2012 11:36 am
by BigEd
Decimal adjust is a big random tangle! It's also not organised by bit slices. Joyful!

Re: Breaking 6502 apart

Posted: Sat Jul 14, 2012 11:38 am
by org
Its like tentacles, if you know what I mean :mrgreen: :mrgreen: :mrgreen:

Re: Breaking 6502 apart

Posted: Mon Jul 16, 2012 9:27 am
by org
Todays speccy : PLA lines decoded!

Code: Select all

A
01: 000101100000100100000   100XX100 TX     STY
02: 000000010110001000100   XXX100X1 T3     OP ind, Y
03: 000000011010001001000   XXX110X1 T2     OP abs, Y
04: 010100011001100100000   1X001000 T0     DEY INY
05: 010101011010100100000   10011000 T0     TYA
06: 010110000001100100000   1100XX00 T0     CPY INY

B
01: 000000100010000001000   XXX1X1XX T2     OP zpg, X/Y & OP abs, X/Y
02: 000001000000100010000   10XXXX1X TX     LDX STX A<->X S<->X
03: 000000010101001001000   XXX000X1 T2     OP ind, X
04: 010101011001100010000   1000101X T0     TXA
05: 010110011001100010000   1100101X T0     DEX
06: 011010000001100100000   1110XX00 T0     CPX INX
07: 000101000000100010000   100XXX1X TX     STX TXA TXS
08: 010101011010100010000   1001101X T0     TXS
09: 011001000000100010000   101XXX1X T0     LDX TAX TSX
10: 000110011001100010000   1100101X TX     DEX
11: 001010011001100100000   11101000 TX     INX
12: 011001011010100010000   1011101X T0     TSX
13: 000100011001100100000   1X001000 TX     DEY INY
14: 011001100000100100000   101XX100 T0     LDY
15: 011001000001100100000   1010XX00 T0     LDY TAY

C
01: 011001010101010100000   00100000 T0     JSR
02: 000101010101010100001   00000000 T5     BRK
03: 010100011001010100000   0X001000 T0     Push
04: 001010010101010100010   01100000 T4     RTS
05: 001000011001010100100   0X101000 T3     Pull
06: 000110010101010100001   01000000 T5     RTI
07: 001010000000010010000   011XXX1X TX     ROR
08: 000000000000000001000   XXXXXXXX T2     T2 ANY
09: 010110000000011000000   010XXXX1 T0     EOR
10: 000010101001010100000   01X01100 TX     JMP
11: 000000101001000001000   XXX011XX T2     RIGHT R ODD
12: 010101000000011000000   000XXXX1 T0     ORA
13: 000000000100000001000   XXXX0XXX T2     LEFT ALL
14: 010000000000000000000   XXXXXXXX T0     T0 ANY
15: 000000010001010101000   0XX0X000 T2     BRK JSR RTI RTS Push/pull
16: 000000000001010100100   0XX0XX00 T3     BRK JSR RTI RTS Push/pull + BIT JMP

D
01: 000001010101010100010   00X00000 T4     BRK JSR
02: 000110010101010100010   01000000 T4     RTI
03: 000000010101001000100   XXX000X1 T3     OP X, ind
04: 000000010110001000010   XXX100X1 T4     OP ind, Y
05: 000000010110001001000   XXX100X1 T2     OP ind, Y
06: 000000001010000000100   XXX11XXX T3     RIGHT ODD
07: 001000011001010100000   0X101000 TX     Pull
08: 001010000000100010000   111XXX1X TX     INC NOP
09: 000000010101001000010   XXX000X1 T4     OP X, ind
10: 000000010110001000100   XXX100X1 T3     OP ind, Y
11: 000010010101010100000   01X00000 TX     RTI RTS
12: 001001010101010101000   00100000 T2     JSR
13: 010010000001100100000   11X0XX00 T0     CPY CPX INY INX
14: 010110000000101000000   110XXXX1 T0     CMP
15: 011010000000101000000   111XXXX1 T0     SBC
16: 011010000000001000000   X11XXXX1 T0     ADC SBC
17: 001001000000010010000   001XXX1X TX     ROL

E
01: 000010101001010100100   01X01100 T3     JMP
02: 000001000000010010000   00XXXX1X TX     ASL ROL
03: 001001010101010100001   00100000 T5     JSR
04: 000000010001010101000   0XX0X000 T2     BRK JSR RTI RTS Push/pull
05: 010101011010100100000   10011000 T0     TYA
06: 100000000000011000000   0XXXXXX1 T1     UPPER ODD
07: 101010000000001000000   X11XXXX1 T1     ADC SBC
08: 100000011001010010000   0XX0101X T1     ASL ROL LSR ROR
09: 010101011001100010000   1000101X T0     TXA
10: 011010011001010100000   01101000 T0     PLA
11: 011001000000101000000   101XXXX1 T0     LDA
12: 010000000000001000000   XXXXXXX1 T0     ALL ODD
13: 011001011001100100000   10101000 T0     TAY
14: 010000011001010010000   0XX0101X T0     ASL ROL LSR ROR
15: 011001011001100010000   1010101X T0     TAX
16: 011001100001010100000   0010X100 T0     BIT
17: 011001000000011000000   001XXXX1 T0     AND
18: 000000001010000000010   XXX11XXX T4     RIGHT ODD
19: 000000010110001000001   XXX100X1 T5     OP ind, Y

F
01: 010000010110000100000   XXX10000 T0 <-  Branch + BranchReady line
02: 000110011001010101000   01001000 T2     PHA
03: 010010011001010010000   01X0101X T0     LSR ROR
04: 000010000000010010000   01XXXX1X TX     LSR ROR
05: 000101010101010101000   00000000 T2     BRK
06: 001001010101010100100   00100000 T3     JSR
07: 000101000000101000000   100XXXX1 TX     STA
08: 000000010110000101000   XXX10000 T2     Branch
09: 000000100100000001000   XXXX01XX T2     zero page
10: 000000010100001001000   XXXX00X1 T2     ALU indirect
11: 000000001000000001000   XXXX1XXX T2     RIGHT ALL
12: 001010010101010100001   01100000 T5     RTS
13: 000000000000000000010   XXXXXXXX T4     T4 ANY
14: 000000000000000000100   XXXXXXXX T3     T3 ANY
15: 010100010101010100000   0X000000 T0     BRK RTI
16: 010010101001010100000   01X01100 T0     JMP
17: 000000010101001000001   XXX000X1 T5     OP X, ind
18: 000000001000000000100   XXXX1XXX T3     RIGHT ALL

G
01: 000000010110001000010   XXX100X1 T4     OP ind, Y
02: 000000001010000000100   XXX11XXX T3     RIGHT ODD
03: 000000010110000100100   XXX10000 T3     Branch
04: 000100010101010100000   0X000000 TX     BRK RTI
05: 001001010101010100000   00100000 TX     JSR
06: 000010101001010100000   01X01100 TX     JMP
07: 000000011001010100000   0XX01000 TX     Push/pull
08: 000101000000100000000   100XXXXX TX     80-9F
09: 000101010101010100010   00000000 T4     BRK
10: 000101011001010101000   00001000 T2     PHP
11: 000100011001010101000   0X001000 T2     Push
12: 000010101001010100010   01X01100 T4     JMP
13: 000010010101010100001   01X00000 T5     RTI RTS
14: 001001010101010100001   00100000 T5     JSR

H
01: 000110101001010101000   01001100 T2     JMP
02: 001000011001010100100   0X101000 T3     Pull
03: 000010000000000010000   X1XXXX1X TX     LSR ROR DEC INC DEX NOP (4x4 bottom right)
04: 000001000000010010000   00XXXX1X TX     ASL ROL
05: 010010011010010100000   01X11000 T0     CLI SEI
06: 101001100001010100000   0010X100 T1     BIT
07: 010001011010010100000   00X11000 T0     CLC SEC
08: 000000100110000000100   XXX101XX T3     OP zpg, X
09: 101010000000001000000   X11XXXX1 T1     ADC SBC
10: 011001100001010100000   0010X100 T0     BIT
11: 011001011001010100000   00101000 T0     PLP
12: 000110010101010100010   01000000 T4     RTI
13: 100110000000101000000   110XXXX1 T1     CMP
14: 100010101001100100000   11X01100 T1     CPY CPX
15: 100001011001010010000   00X0101X T1     ASL ROL
16: 100010000101100100000   11X00X00 T1     CPY CPX

K
KX: 000000011001010100000   0XX01000 TX     Not actually line. Controls K09 to except push/pull opcodes --->
01: 010010011010100100000   11X11000 T0     CLD SED
02: 000001000000000000000   X0XXXXXX TX     00-3F 80-BF
03: 000000101001000000100   XXX011XX T3     RIGHT R EVEN
04: 000000100101000001000   XXX001XX T2     LEFT R EVEN
05: 000000010100001000001   XXXX00X1 T5     ALU indirect
06: 0000000010100?0000010   XXX11XXX T4     RIGHT ODD (? is actually 0, but strange.. 0XX11XXX T4 if supposed to be vias there)
07: 000000000000010000000   0XXXXXXX TX     UPPER ALL
08: 001001011010100100000   10111000 TX     CLV
09: 000000011000000......   XXXX10X0 TX     All flags + DEY TAY INY INX - 0XX01000 <--- controlled by KX
Explanations:
A-K - line groups
01-09 - line number
000000001000000001000 - PLA bit assignment
X1XXXX1X TX - IR condition to fire line + T-step (T0-T5, TX mean "any")
+ short description which opcodes are affected by this line. "OP" mean any opcode.

PLA lines sorted by T-step:

Code: Select all

A04: 010100011001100100000   1X001000 T0     DEY INY
A05: 010101011010100100000   10011000 T0     TYA
A06: 010110000001100100000   1100XX00 T0     CPY INY
B04: 010101011001100010000   1000101X T0     TXA
B05: 010110011001100010000   1100101X T0     DEX
B06: 011010000001100100000   1110XX00 T0     CPX INX
B08: 010101011010100010000   1001101X T0     TXS
B09: 011001000000100010000   101XXX1X T0     LDX TAX TSX
B12: 011001011010100010000   1011101X T0     TSX
B14: 011001100000100100000   101XX100 T0     LDY
B15: 011001000001100100000   1010XX00 T0     LDY TAY
C01: 011001010101010100000   00100000 T0     JSR
C03: 010100011001010100000   0X001000 T0     Push
C09: 010110000000011000000   010XXXX1 T0     EOR
C12: 010101000000011000000   000XXXX1 T0     ORA
C14: 010000000000000000000   XXXXXXXX T0     T0 ANY
D13: 010010000001100100000   11X0XX00 T0     CPY CPX INY INX
D14: 010110000000101000000   110XXXX1 T0     CMP
D15: 011010000000101000000   111XXXX1 T0     SBC
D16: 011010000000001000000   X11XXXX1 T0     ADC SBC
E05: 010101011010100100000   10011000 T0     TYA
E09: 010101011001100010000   1000101X T0     TXA
E10: 011010011001010100000   01101000 T0     PLA
E11: 011001000000101000000   101XXXX1 T0     LDA
E12: 010000000000001000000   XXXXXXX1 T0     ALL ODD
E13: 011001011001100100000   10101000 T0     TAY
E14: 010000011001010010000   0XX0101X T0     ASL ROL LSR ROR
E15: 011001011001100010000   1010101X T0     TAX
E16: 011001100001010100000   0010X100 T0     BIT
E17: 011001000000011000000   001XXXX1 T0     AND
F01: 010000010110000100000   XXX10000 T0 <-  Branch + BranchReady line
F03: 010010011001010010000   01X0101X T0     LSR ROR
F15: 010100010101010100000   0X000000 T0     BRK RTI
F16: 010010101001010100000   01X01100 T0     JMP
H05: 010010011010010100000   01X11000 T0     CLI SEI
H07: 010001011010010100000   00X11000 T0     CLC SEC
H10: 011001100001010100000   0010X100 T0     BIT
H11: 011001011001010100000   00101000 T0     PLP
K01: 010010011010100100000   11X11000 T0     CLD SED

E06: 100000000000011000000   0XXXXXX1 T1     UPPER ODD
E07: 101010000000001000000   X11XXXX1 T1     ADC SBC
E08: 100000011001010010000   0XX0101X T1     ASL ROL LSR ROR
H06: 101001100001010100000   0010X100 T1     BIT
H09: 101010000000001000000   X11XXXX1 T1     ADC SBC
H13: 100110000000101000000   110XXXX1 T1     CMP
H14: 100010101001100100000   11X01100 T1     CPY CPX
H15: 100001011001010010000   00X0101X T1     ASL ROL
H16: 100010000101100100000   11X00X00 T1     CPY CPX

A03: 000000011010001001000   XXX110X1 T2     OP abs, Y
B01: 000000100010000001000   XXX1X1XX T2     OP zpg, X/Y & OP abs, X/Y
B03: 000000010101001001000   XXX000X1 T2     OP ind, X
C08: 000000000000000001000   XXXXXXXX T2     T2 ANY
C11: 000000101001000001000   XXX011XX T2     RIGHT R ODD
C13: 000000000100000001000   XXXX0XXX T2     LEFT ALL
C15: 000000010001010101000   0XX0X000 T2     BRK JSR RTI RTS Push/pull
D05: 000000010110001001000   XXX100X1 T2     OP ind, Y
D12: 001001010101010101000   00100000 T2     JSR
E04: 000000010001010101000   0XX0X000 T2     BRK JSR RTI RTS Push/pull
F02: 000110011001010101000   01001000 T2     PHA
F05: 000101010101010101000   00000000 T2     BRK
F08: 000000010110000101000   XXX10000 T2     Branch
F09: 000000100100000001000   XXXX01XX T2     zero page
F10: 000000010100001001000   XXXX00X1 T2     ALU indirect
F11: 000000001000000001000   XXXX1XXX T2     RIGHT ALL
G10: 000101011001010101000   00001000 T2     PHP
G11: 000100011001010101000   0X001000 T2     Push
H01: 000110101001010101000   01001100 T2     JMP
K04: 000000100101000001000   XXX001XX T2     LEFT R EVEN

A02: 000000010110001000100   XXX100X1 T3     OP ind, Y
C05: 001000011001010100100   0X101000 T3     Pull
C16: 000000000001010100100   0XX0XX00 T3     BRK JSR RTI RTS Push/pull + BIT JMP
D03: 000000010101001000100   XXX000X1 T3     OP X, ind
D06: 000000001010000000100   XXX11XXX T3     RIGHT ODD
D10: 000000010110001000100   XXX100X1 T3     OP ind, Y
E01: 000010101001010100100   01X01100 T3     JMP
F06: 001001010101010100100   00100000 T3     JSR
F14: 000000000000000000100   XXXXXXXX T3     T3 ANY
F18: 000000001000000000100   XXXX1XXX T3     RIGHT ALL
G02: 000000001010000000100   XXX11XXX T3     RIGHT ODD
G03: 000000010110000100100   XXX10000 T3     Branch
H02: 001000011001010100100   0X101000 T3     Pull
H08: 000000100110000000100   XXX101XX T3     OP zpg, X
K03: 000000101001000000100   XXX011XX T3     RIGHT R EVEN

C04: 001010010101010100010   01100000 T4     RTS
D01: 000001010101010100010   00X00000 T4     BRK JSR
D02: 000110010101010100010   01000000 T4     RTI
D04: 000000010110001000010   XXX100X1 T4     OP ind, Y
D09: 000000010101001000010   XXX000X1 T4     OP X, ind
E18: 000000001010000000010   XXX11XXX T4     RIGHT ODD
F13: 000000000000000000010   XXXXXXXX T4     T4 ANY
G01: 000000010110001000010   XXX100X1 T4     OP ind, Y
G09: 000101010101010100010   00000000 T4     BRK
G12: 000010101001010100010   01X01100 T4     JMP
H12: 000110010101010100010   01000000 T4     RTI
K06: 0000000010100?0000010   XXX11XXX T4     RIGHT ODD (? is actually 0, but strange.. 0XX11XXX T4 if supposed to be vias there)

C02: 000101010101010100001   00000000 T5     BRK
C06: 000110010101010100001   01000000 T5     RTI
E03: 001001010101010100001   00100000 T5     JSR
E19: 000000010110001000001   XXX100X1 T5     OP ind, Y
F12: 001010010101010100001   01100000 T5     RTS
F17: 000000010101001000001   XXX000X1 T5     OP X, ind
G13: 000010010101010100001   01X00000 T5     RTI RTS
G14: 001001010101010100001   00100000 T5     JSR
K05: 000000010100001000001   XXXX00X1 T5     ALU indirect

A01: 000101100000100100000   100XX100 TX     STY
B02: 000001000000100010000   10XXXX1X TX     LDX STX A<->X S<->X
B07: 000101000000100010000   100XXX1X TX     STX TXA TXS
B10: 000110011001100010000   1100101X TX     DEX
B11: 001010011001100100000   11101000 TX     INX
B13: 000100011001100100000   1X001000 TX     DEY INY
C07: 001010000000010010000   011XXX1X TX     ROR
C10: 000010101001010100000   01X01100 TX     JMP
D07: 001000011001010100000   0X101000 TX     Pull
D08: 001010000000100010000   111XXX1X TX     INC NOP
D11: 000010010101010100000   01X00000 TX     RTI RTS
D17: 001001000000010010000   001XXX1X TX     ROL
E02: 000001000000010010000   00XXXX1X TX     ASL ROL
F04: 000010000000010010000   01XXXX1X TX     LSR ROR
F07: 000101000000101000000   100XXXX1 TX     STA
G04: 000100010101010100000   0X000000 TX     BRK RTI
G05: 001001010101010100000   00100000 TX     JSR
G06: 000010101001010100000   01X01100 TX     JMP
G07: 000000011001010100000   0XX01000 TX     Push/pull
G08: 000101000000100000000   100XXXXX TX     80-9F
H03: 000010000000000010000   X1XXXX1X TX     LSR ROR DEC INC DEX NOP (4x4 bottom right)
H04: 000001000000010010000   00XXXX1X TX     ASL ROL
K02: 000001000000000000000   X0XXXXXX TX     00-3F 80-BF
K07: 000000000000010000000   0XXXXXXX TX     UPPER ALL
K08: 001001011010100100000   10111000 TX     CLV
K09: 000000011000000......   XXXX10X0 TX     All flags + DEY TAY INY INX - 0XX01000 <--- controlled by KX
All times are UTC
Page 3 of 15

Powered by phpBB® Forum Software © phpBB Limited