GARTHWILSON wrote:
Actually an LCD and the keyboard or a small keypad can be connected directly to a VIA, with no discrete logic.
Sure, but I was also considering trying to keep component count and costs down as well.
GARTHWILSON wrote:
The issue there is not really the clock frequency, but rather the rise (and fall) times of the signals. The clock (φ2) is the main problem there. Using solderless breadboard can keep it from working at any clock speed (even 1Hz) if the rise times are too fast. If you stick to 74HC and 1MHz parts so the rise times are slow, it will work. Otherwise the ringing following each rising and falling edge on the clock line, caused by the inductances of the long curved wires working with the stray capacitances, will be strong enough to change states at inputs, and make parts of the processor and I/O ICs try to go ahead with the next cycle before the required set-up and hold and internal-operation times have been met.
Obviously stuff I don't know anything about. How does a wire wrap version avoid this problem?
GARTHWILSON wrote:
Fortunately, experimentation requires changing very few wires. The address and data buses still go to all the same places, so those probably wouldn't change. Much of what you connect the VIAs' I/O pins to can share VIA pins, so you don't have to disconnect them from one thing to connect to another. For example, my workbench computer has A/D and D/A converters hanging off the I/O pins of one of the VIAs, but when I'm not using the converters, I can use the same I/O bits for other things, without disconnecting the converters. Also, at least one of the three 65c51 ACIAs on that board will probably never be used again, but it doesn't hurt anything to leave it (or at least the empty socket) there.
If by experimentation you're talking about simply talking to other things using the VIAs, then sure. If you're talking about doing something to the actual CPU (add memory, add decode logic, etc.), then more surgery is involved.
GARTHWILSON wrote:
Quote:
I know some some might find using a USB port blasphemy and I understand the sentiments. On the other hand, many computers these days don't have serial port.
I don't have any problem with using a USB-to-RS232 adapter at the PC end, but I don't like the idea of trying to put USB on your actual creation. I understand that the USB spec is so complex that the programming to run it would consume almost the entire 6502 memory map. (That info comes from Samuel Falvo.) There are ICs that do most of it for you that are interfaced through SPI, and I have mixed feelings on that. SPI is great.
Yea, I completely agree with this. When I say serial port I mean something like a generic serial port and students using (USB) adapters to talk to it. Zero reason to add USB to the project board itself.