I do not know of any thing that would be a definition in JSON or otherwise; unit tests are usually very specific to whatever code base your developing in.
That being said, I know there are some various test programs that run on the 6502 itself to verify that it is working.
The Klaus tests are one such set:
https://github.com/Klaus2m5/6502_65C02_functional_testsDepending on how accurate you want to go, different variations of the 6502 will have some slightly different side effects in some cases.
Rockwell NMOS vs. WDC CMOS vs. Roch 2C02 for example.