I've found a few resources about the original 6502's instruction decoding, including a transcript of the 6507's decode rom (link below), but I can't find any equivalents for the 65c02. Is the information even available?

While I'm here, is there a list of all the internal registers/control lines/etc in the original 6502 and what they do?

6507 rom

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probably the youngest person on this forum

You might be interested in this short video and the patents linked within
65C02: Tear down, A look at the CMOS version of the 6502 CPU
(via Jac Goudsmit)

I don't believe the 65C02 has been as fully reverse engineered or redocumented as the NMOS 6502. I rather think it inherits a great deal from the 6502, even at quite a low level, but as we know it has various enhancements and improvements.